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hjhhhLampard claims that during first half of 19th century "Victorian Britain" became "world's first urbanized society": by 1851, urban dwellers overtook rural dwellers for first time.(4)

"If the distinctive acheivement of Britain in the latter part of the eighteenth century was to inagurate the Industrial Revolution, her no less remarkable feat in the first half of the nineteenth century was to accomplish the first urban transformation" (4)

Notes that "to urbanize" in this period meant not what we think of in terms of demographic change, but rather had more the sense of "to make urbane": To civilize, to bring out of barbarism, to enlighten, to "'remove the rural character' of a place or population" (5)

However, by the last quarter of the century, growth in concentration of population in manufacturing towns did not imply concomitant "loss of rural character": in the cities, many quarters seen still to be "uncivilized".

The growth in city populations due to the internal ...