Toulmin Model:An Approach in Formal Communication

Argument is an essential component of every day human affairs. Speakers use arguments to generate knowledge and to seek agreement by analyzing the available facts, warrants, and conclusions of each other’s arguments. Argument is also responsible for producing conceptual changes in people.
The Toulmin system is a series of steps designed to help build an argument. The steps help us to understand and how to discuss arguments we study as well as help us frame our own arguments more effectively. Reasoning “is a collective and continuing human transaction, in which we present ideas of claims to particular sets of people within particular situations or contexts and offer the appropriate kinds of reasons in their support. Claims linked to evidence of good reason s are what we mean when we use the term argument” (p. 91). Toulmin identifies two types of reasoning.
Formal reasoning also refereed to al formal logic is predominately used with formal logical thinkers. This f...