SUMMARY OF TCP/IP REFERENCE MODEL

TCP/IP reference model contains two primary protocol TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and IP (Internet Protocol). TCP/IP model is based on four layers. TCP/IP model is itself not much used but its protocol is widely used. It does not contains some features found under the OSI model. The description of four layers of TCP/IP model are as follows.

Layer 1 – HOST-TO-NETWORK: It contains both physical and data link layers of the OSI model. Actually the TCP/IP does not say much about this layer. The only purpose of this layer is to allow host to connect to the network using some protocol so that it can send IP packets.

Layer 2 – INTERNET: This layer is the key of the architecture. This layer is used for basic communication, addressing and routing. Its role is to deliver packets where it supposed to go. The packet may reach or may not reach to the destination. There are many other function at this layer. TCP/IP uses IP and ICMP protocols at the network layer.

Layer 3 –...