Molecular Biology

Molecular Biology
- bacteria and eukaryotes are composed of double-stranded DNA
- some viruses are composed of single or double stranded RNA

Historical Timeline:
- Meischer: discovery that DNA in nucleus
- Gates: UV of 260nm kills bacteria
- Avery and MacLeod : transformation of rough streptococcus to smooth using purification of nucleic acid and RNase digestion
- Lederberg: accurate genetic map of E. coli based on conjugal mating
- McClintock: transposable elements = jumping genes
- Chargaff: hydrolyzed DNA and separated bases by paper chromatography to show base composition varied with different DNA sources
- Franklin: used x-ray crystallography to discover sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA and elucidated helical structure
- Hershey and Chase: differentially labeled T4 phage
o Labelled protein with sulfur
o Labelled DNA with phosphorous
o Phosphorus detected in cell
- Watson and Crick: DNA had two helical strands,...