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The hippocampus is a small structure in the brain that is surrounded by the temporal cortex. It is thought to play a major role in learning and memory. Many experiments have been done to study the impact of lesions to the hippocampus to determine how it affects learning in rats. Observational studies have been done that look at human patients with damage to the hippocampus to see how they function and how this damage affects their lives. In these human observational studies, the most obvious detriment is their failure to form new memories – especially those that are spatial oriented. In the paper, “Memory for Places Learned Long Ago is Intact After Hippocampal Damage”, Edmund Teng and Larry Squire looked specifically at one of their patients, called patient E.P.
E.P developed amnesia after suffering from an episode of herpes simplex encephalitis in 1992. Due to the nature of this disease, he suffered major bilateral damage to all parts of his memory system, includin...