Flow measurement

Using Bernoulli’s equation it may be shown that the velocity of water passing through an orifice in the base of a tank is given by the relationship . If we multiply both sides of the equation by A, the area of the hole, we have . Since v.A = Q we get , in theory.

In practice there is a significant loss of energy for the fluid passing through the orifice and the actual flow is given by , where

Q is the rate of flow in
A is the area of the hole in .
H is the Head of water above the orifice, in meters.
is a factor determined by the shape of the hole.
Using Bernoulli’s equation it may be shown that the velocity of water passing through an orifice in the base of a tank is given by the relationsh...