Did President Roosevelt Deliberately Withhold Information About the Attack on Pearl Harbor From the American Commanders?

Paper #1
Did President Roosevelt Deliberately Withhold Information About the Attack on Pearl Harbor From the American Commanders?

In 1899 and 1900 the Open Door policy was submitted by U.S. Secretary of State, John Hay. The reason for this policy was to provide equal access to commercial rights in China for all nations and to have all countries respect China’s “territorial and administrative” integrity. All presidents for the next 40 years restated the open door so China would not be overtaken by Japan and to preserve the balance of power in the world. This policy worked during World War I and the 1920’s. Eventually, the Nine-Power Treaty of 1922 was implemented to restate the Open Door principles and the countries that signed the treaty agreed to help China form a stable government. Japan was one of the supporters who signed the treaty because the world economy was stable. But when the worldwide depression hit, it had a major impact of the foreign policies of all nat...