Determination of Melting Points of Benzoic Acid and Benzamide and Composition Diagram of Their Mixtures

PURPOSE:

The purpose of this experiment is to determine the melting point of benzoic acid and benzamide and make a composition diagram for the mixtures of benzoic acid and benzamide to determine the eutectic point of the mixtures. The melting point of the given unknown will be determined using the melting point apparatus. Pure chemicals such as benzoic acid and benzamide alone have a set melting point, but when missed with impurities or each other, the melting point decreases depending on the amount of each present in the sample. This allows us to determine if the unknown is a pure chemical with a set melting point, or a mixture of two or more chemicals with a lower melting point. The sample will be loaded into a capillary tube, and the heat will be provided by either a thiel tube filled with mineral oil and a Bunsen burner flame, or a mechanical apparatus.

THEORY:

It is important to remember that the vapor pressure is responsible for the exchange or transfer bet...