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Biology Study Guide

Chapters 2 & 3 Study Guide
(Chapter 2)

Atoms: Consist of Protons(+), Neutrons, and Electrons(-)
- Number of Protons = Number of Electrons
- Protons + Neutrons = Mass Number
- Number of Protons = Atomic Number

Isotopes: Same number of protons but different number of neutrons
- All isotopes of an element interact with other atoms in the same way

Orbitals:
- Can house 1 or at most 2 electrons
- More electrons (higher the atomic number) = more orbitals
- Shell Model: Simple but not quite accurate way of thinking about how electrons are distributed in orbitals in an atoms
- You can tell if two atoms will interact by looking at the number of electrons in the outermost shell
o Vacancies mean it might give up, gain, or share electrons under suitable conditions.
o Inert atoms: atoms that show little tendency to enter into chemical reactions due to the lack to vacancy in their outermost shells
o Atoms fill up vacancies in their ...

Posted by: Margaret Rowden

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